1 INTRODUCTION 2 A GUIDE TO SHARE DEALING 3 FITTING THE PACK 4 THE SHARES MENU 5 BUYING SHARES 6 SELLING SHARES 7 UPDATING PRICES 8 THE ACCOUNTS 9 VIEWING SHARES 10 CHECKING PRICES 11 PRINTING 12 EDITING RECORDS 13 GOOD HOUSEKEEPING 15 QUITTING SHARES A MEMBERS OF THE FT-30 SHARE INDEX B FRACTION CONVERSION C THE PORTFOLIO PACK
Copyright Distributed Information Processing Ltd 1987
All Rights reserved. This Portfolio manual and the programs contained on the Portfolio Pack are copyrighted works of Distributed Information Processing Ltd (DIP), UK. Copying of the manual and programs, in whole or in part, by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the express written permission of D.I.P. Ltd.
Distributed Information Processing Ltd does not warrant that this program will work with all versions of Psion Organiser II. In particular, the software may not work with early versions of the Psion operating system, nor with the RS232 Link. The guide to share dealing in the manual is for information only and may not be accurate.
Psion, Psion Organiser II and Comms Link are trade marks of Psion plc. IBM PC is a trade mark of International Business Machines Corporation.
The Portfolio Pack for the Psion Organiser II consists of a program pack and this manual, The program pack looks just like a Datapak and may be fitted to either of the slots at the back of the Organiser in exactly the same way.
The Portfolio Pack allows you to keep track of your share portfolio, updating prices and buying and selling shares. The overall current state of your portfolio can be viewed easily and quickly and each share issue can be examined in detail.
A summary of the value of the portfolio is maintained at all times, including up to 20 previous prices of each share, along with totals of available cash for purchasing new shares and dividends and gains produced by the portfolio.
Shares information can be printed out and, with the PC Portfolio Manager for the IBM PC and compatibles, transferred to the PC for desktop analysis.
The Psion Organiser model CM will hold information on approximately 15 shares. The model XP will hold around 60.
The Share Portfolio Manager is all you need to keep track of your personal share portfolio. Whether you are one of the many people who have recently entered the world of share ownership or an old hand with years of share dealing behind you. the Organiser and the Share Portfolio Manager are for you.
If you are an experienced dealer, you may like to skip the following few pages, which deal with the nature of the share market and how it operates. You can go right ahead to chapter 3 to find out what the Share Portfolio Manager has to offer. Less experienced investors should read on and find out the ground rules for dealing and how to make a start in this fascinating and potentially very lucrative business.
The following pages explain how to go about selecting a stockbroker, how he will expect to do business, what you may be charged and the modern alternatives to the stockbroker system. There is also a full explanation of some of the more worrying jargon used in the share dealing world.
Only stockbrokers, all members of the Stock Exchange, are allowed to deal in the share market. They exist to act as agents for anyone wishing to buy or sell shares, and undertake allways to deal at the best possible price for their clients. They act as financial advisers and should offer help and advice on a particular deal before it is carried out. All stockbrokers are governed by the Stock Exchange's code of practice.
A list of stockbrokers, and their position in the market year by year, can be obtained from Extel Statistical Services Limited in London. Extel may be contacted on 01 253 3400. They conduct surveys of brokers and regularly publish the results, so you can find out something about your broker before you contact him.
Depending on how much advice you are likely to need from your broker, how much you can afford to invest and therefore how much you can afford to pay him, the broker will offer a range of services. If you are confident about the transaction to be made, the broker will be able to just carry out the deal without offering advice. Alternatively, you may want the broker to give you guidance on the best way to deal, your tax situation and your long term aims in dealing in shares.
For some of the more extensive services offered by brokers, they may require a minimum share portfolio value. The broker will almost certainly ask for bankers refereces before entering into any contract with you, and your name will be checked against the Stock Exchange blacklist of defaulters.
Try to find a broker who offers just the level of service you want, phone around a few companies to see which offers the right service for you. All our needs are different, so find a broker who is prepared to listen and then tailor his advice according to your position and needs.
If a broker tells you there is no risk involved in dealing in shares, give him a wide berth. Similarly, any broker who tells you that a particular share 'cannot fail' or is a 'cert', should be avoided - take your business elsewhere. There is no sure way to predict which way the market will go; if there were, we would all be rich. The fact is that the market is volatile, unpredictable and can lead to losses as well as gains.
Once a stockbroker has agreed to deal for you and you have agreed the level of service he is to provide, you can start instructing him to buy or sell shares. You may specify a minimum price at which the broker is to deal for you, dealing 'at limit', or you may ask him to deal at the best price he can find on the market, an 'at best' deal.
When you have bought your shares, a partner at the stockbroking firm will sign and send you a 'contract note'. This is your proof that the deal took place and confirmation of the number of shares, price and so on. The note also details the charges made by the broker for transacting the deal. These charges are covered below.
If you have bought shares, your name will then be entered on the company's share register and you will be sent a share certificate.
When you buy 1000 shares at 100 pence each. the price you pay is not just the share price multiplied by the quantity of shares. There are tax payments to be made and charges levied by the broker for conducting the deal. All brokers have a minimum transaction fee, and charge around 1.65% on all deals. When you leave the final decision for a deal in the hands of the broker, he will charge between 0.5% and 1% as a 'discretionary management' fee. There will often also be a charge for postage, valuations and other sundries.
The charges on purchases differ from those on the sale of shares for example on a purchase of £1000, a broker might charge the following:
Broker's commission (£) | 16.50 |
VAT on commission (£) | 2.48 |
Stamp duty(0.5% - £) | 5.00 |
Total (£) | 23.98 |
On a sale of £1000 of shares, the charges might be as follows:
Broker's commission(£) | 16.50 |
VAT on commission (£) | 2.48 |
Total (£) | 18.98 |
In the wake of the privatisation of British Telecom, British Gas, British Airways and the rest, the number of people owning shares has risen dramatically. This has given rise to a number of 'share shops', often in department stores such as Debenhams or the larger high street retailers like W H Smith. You can walk in off the street and buy shares just like any other retail commodity. The charges are likely to be higher, but the convenience cannot be denied.
Most banks will arrange the purchase or sale of shares on your behalf. They will deal with a stockbroker in the same way as you could do yourself. They will also charge you for the service. usually a flat fee per transaction - in addition to the stockbroker's fee which the bank passes on to you.
Also, building societies are beginning to follow the banks' lead and offer share dealing services to their customers.
As a general guide to the slate of the share market, there are a number of share indices. Most prominent of these in the U.K. is the FT-30 (Financial Times Industrial Ordinary Index). This index is based on 30 of the largest British companies. The FT-30's pedigree goes back to the 1930s, is followed around the world and considered the most important of the widely used indices.
The companies which make up the FT-30 are listed at the back of this manual, in Appendix A.
The FT-30 index is weighted towards the biggest U.K. companies. To give a fairer index of the state of the market, especially the smaller end of the size scale, the FT A All Share index was started in 1962. This is calculated daily on over 700 shares spread across 35 sectors of the share market, so the view it presents is both broad and deep and not weighted towards any one area.
In 1984, another index was started, the FTSE 100 index, known affectionately in Financial circles as 'Footsie'. Unlike the FTA All Share index above, Footsie is calculated every minute of the trading day by the Stock Exchange computer system. Footsie is based on 100 shares, representing 70 per cent of U.K. equities.
The technicalities of buying and selling shares are very straightforward, as you have seen. The problems come when trying to unravel some of the more obscure items of jargon with which the financial pages are littered. Here are the more common terms you are likely to come across and their meanings.
You have already bought, or may be about to buy, shares in one of the many privatisation schemes organised by the Government. These are known as new issues. The shares were previously not in existence. They have been created to float a company on the Stock Exchange and sold to the public.
When you buy new issue shares, you need not buy them through a broker or even a bank, you can apply direct. There is therefore no broker's commission and there is no stamp duty. New share issues are offered for sale by the publication of application forms in the newspapers. A prospectus is issued and a price and launch date fixed.
One feature of the new issue is stagging. This is the practice of buying as many shares as possible in the new issue and then selling them immediately, assuming the price rises as soon as trading opens in those shares on the Stock Exchange.
This can be a lucrative business, especially if the share issue is over-subscribed at the start and there are plenty of people who would like to get in on the act when trading proper begins on the Stock Exchange. However, like all money making schemes, it can turn sour. For example, if the public mood shifts the shares can be difficult to unload. You are then left holding a pile of shares, perhaps more than you could really afford to keep, the share price is falling and there are no buyers to be seen.
When a company wants to raise cash without borrowing, it can offer further shares for sale. These must first be offered to existing share holders. All share holders will be offered the same percentage of their current holding, say 1 in 10 or 1 in 5. The shares will also be priced temptingly lower than the current price of existing shares in the company.
You can opt to buy all the shares offered, just some of them, or you may sell the right to buy the additional shares through your usual broker.
The offer of a rights issue is usually a good bet as the market generally views them in a favourable light, but sometimes the overall share price may drop after the issue, leaving you with about the same value holding as before the issue.
A unit trust is a sort of pool of investors who combine their spending power to spread the risk of investment across a range of companies. When you buy a unit you become a part-owner of all of the investments held by the trust.
The money you invest is managed under thc strict control of independent trustees. The prices of the trusts are quoted in the financial papers and units may be bought and sold easily by telephone.
Two prices are quoted for the trusts, the selling and buying prices. The difference between the two prices covers the cost of dealing and sale commission.
Investment trusts are similar to unit trusts, in that your investment is spread over a wide range of companies; but investment trusts are companies themselves, and so you buy shares in that company. In turn, the trust company invests money in a range of other companies to realise a profit for its own share holders.
For longer term investors, investment trusts are a better bet and charge lower commission and dealing rates.
Gilts are Government issued bonds, redeemable usually at a stated date and usually at a stated interest. They fall into three types:
Dated stocks These are redeemable on a stated date which may be up to 5 years (shorts), up to 15 years (mediums) or over 15 years from the date of issue.
Undated stocks These may never be repaid, but are bought and sold until the government decides to redeem them.
Index linked and Variable Rate stocks: These follow the interest rate as set by the Bank of England.
Gilts are a good bet for the small investor in times of low inflation, but when inflation rises, their profitability is rather less certain.
Gilts may be bought through a bank, solicitor, accountant or stockbroker. The cheapest way is through the National Savings Register at a Post Office. The cost of dealing in Gilts is lower than in many other stock exchange securities and no capital gains tax is payable on profits.
The dividend yield is the return on a share investment expressed as a percentage. It is a good way of assessing a share in terms of what you have earned relative to your original layout on the shares.
To calculate the dividend yield, follow the formula:
dividend 100 Yield = -------------- x --- price paid per l share
Dividend yields are calculated before tax deductions, so allow for your current rate of tax after making your calculations.
When a company in which you hold shares is the subject of a take-over bid, the result is usually a profitable one for the shareholder.
Any company wishing to gain control of another may first buy shares in that company on the open market. If its holding reaches 30% of the issued equity, it must stop buying and make a formal offer to buy the rest of the shares.
At this point you will receive the offer for your holding from the proposed buyer. It may take a number of forms, but if the buyer already owns more than 15% of the currently issued equity of the target company, it may not offer you less than the highest price it has paid in the previous 12 months for those shares.
If the bid is contested by the target company, you will be submerged in the ensuing propaganda war carried out by the proposed buyer and the target company. At such a time, watch the financial papers very closely as these will be your best source of advice.
To fit the Portfolio Pack to the Organiser, first switch off the Organiser by selecting OFF from the top level menu. Slide off the protective cover of one of the slots on the back of the Organiser and insert the Portfolio Pack, taking care to push it firmly home into the slot.
Switch the Organiser on aguin by pressing the ON/CLEAR key at the top left of the keyboard.
To use the Portfolio Pack, you should insert a new item, SHARES, into the Organiser's top level menu by following this procedure:
1) Use the cursor keys at the top right of the keyboard to position the cursor at the place in the menu you would like SHARES to appear
2) Press the MODE key
3) Type SHARES
4) Press EXE.
The top level menu will now contain the item SHARES. To begin using the Portfolio Pack, select SHARES from the menu by moving the cursor to that item and pressing EXE.
At any time when using the Portfolio Pack, should you wish to exit from an activity, press ON/CLEAR.
When SHARES is selected from the top level menu as described in the introduction to this manual, the SHARES menu is presented. These are the items in that menu, with a hricfdeseription of each:
BUY | Buy a new share and add it to the Share file maintained by the Portfolio Pack. Prompts for the name of the share issue, number of shares, price, date bought, 'sell at' prices and other details. |
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SELL | Sell all shares of a particular issue or just a number of those held. Prompts for the name, quantity and selling price. |
PRICES | Prompts for today's price of each share in the portfolio. |
ACCOUNTS | View a summary of the current value and gains of the portfolio, add a dividend from a particular share or adjust the current cash, dividend or capital gains figures. |
VIEW | View the details of each share issue according to name, quantity, sector, price, warning percentage, bought-at price, total cost, total value, total change (percentage), up to previous 20 prices and a general description of the issue. |
CHECK | Check for any shares which have passed beyond either the high sell-at or low sell-at prices entered when the shrares were bought. Alsom any share whose price has changed by more that the percentage limit entered on purchase are indicated. |
LINK | Printout the share and account details on paper. |
EDIT | Edit an entry, changing any or all of the details of a share issue. |
FILE | Backup, restore, or 'kill' (i.e. delete totally) the share file, or delete a specific share. |
QUIT | Quit from the Portfolio Pack to the Organiser's top level menu. |
When you buy any shares, to add the details to the Shares tile on the Organiser, select BUY from the SHARES menu. The screen will prompt with the message:
Which Share?
Type the name of the share issue, for example TELECOM. If that share is already held in the Shares files, the Organiser finds it and displays the name on the bottom line of the screen, while your entry appears on the top line. The Organiser recognises the share name from the first few letters, so in the example TELECOM, after just typing TELE, the screen might look like this:
TELE Found: TELECOM
You can then go ahead and add the number of shares bought, the amount paid and the date.
If, when you have typed the full name of the share issue, the name does not match any of those currently in the file, the message 'New share' is displayed. You are then prompted for the following details about the share issue:
Number purchased - Number of individual shares bought. If you enter 0, the share is then referred to as a 'ghost' share. This provides the facility to track a share's prices and performance, without having an investment in it.
Cost - The cost per share either in pence, or in pounds. For example, if the share price is fifty pence, at the prompt you may enter either 50 or $0.50. The dollar sign (shown as a £ on screen) indicates that the entry is in pounds.
Date of purchase - Either enter the date in the forrnat 26/8/87 or press EXE for today's date.
If the share is not one which you already hold, you are also prompted for the following information:
Sell at (high) - The high price at which you want to sell these shares.
Sell at (low) - The low price at which you want to sell these shares. This is sometimes known as a 'stop-loss' price.
Change Warning % - The percentage change in price at which you would like a warning to be given.
Price today - Today's price for this share as a number of pence or pounds.
Notes - Here you may enter any reminder about the share up to 25 characters.
When each of these details is entered, a summary of the given information is scrolled across the top line of the display, while the bottom line prompts with:
Correct Y/N?
Reply Y to add the given details to the Shares File and amend the accounts, or N to discard the entry. In either case you will then be returned to the SHARES menu.
When you have sold some of your shares, to update the information in the Shares file on the Organiser, select SELL from the SHARES menu. The screen will prompt with the message:
which share?
Type the name of the share issue, for example TELECOM. The Organiser recognises the share name from the first few letters, so in the example, TELECOM, aftcrjust typing TELE, the screen might look like this:
TELE Found: TELECOM
Press EXE and you will be prompted to confirm that this is the correct share. The screen will then prompt with the message:
Sell ALL shares Y/N?
If you have sold all of the shares of that issue, press Y. Otherwise press N. The screen will show the number held and prompt for the number to be sold.
The screen will then prompt for the share price. The value per share can be entered in pence, or in pounds. For example. when selling 90 shares at 25 pence each, at the prompt 'Share price?' you may enter either 25 (pence) or $0.25 (pounds). The dollar sign (shown on screen as a £3 sign) indicates that the entry is in pounds.
You are offered the chance to confirm the sale (Y/N). The record of those shares is then deleted from the Shares file and the total value of the portfolio adjusted accordingly. If you sell all of one holding, you have the option to convert it to a 'ghost' share.
If, when you have typed the full name of the share issue, the name does not match any of the shares in the file, or is a ghost share, the message:
Found: nothing
is displayed. followed by:
No such shares in Portfolio
Press any key to return to the shares menu.
As the price of each of your shares changes, you should update the prices held in the Shares file with the PRICES option in the SHARES menu.
When you select PRICES. the screen will prompt for the new price of each share, for example:
ICI at 289.00p New 0.00
When the top line is longer than 16 characters, the line scrolls across the display.
Enter the new price and press EXE. if the price is the same as the previously entered figure, just press EXE.
When all the share prices have been updated, you will be returned to the SHARES menu.
Note: You should avoid breaking out of this procedure halfway through (by using ON/CLEAR), as you will not update all the prices, and the histories will be out of step with each other.
When you select ACCOUNTS from the SHARES menu, you are presented with the ACCOUNTS menu, which offers:
SUMMARY | A summary of the value of the portfolio |
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DIVIDEND | Enter a dividend produced by one of the shares in the portfolio |
ADJUST | Adjust the figures for the total cash reserve, dividends, capital gains or fees. |
FEES | Enter a fee charged against the portfolio. |
When you select SUMMARY from the ACCOUNTS menu, the screen shows the message:
Calculating please wait...
After a few moments (depending on the number of shares in your portfolio) the screen will then display totals for the value of the portfolio, the cash reserves, dividends, gains, fees and assets. For example:
Portfolio: | £2345.00 |
Tot. Cash: | £4230.50 |
Tot. Div.: | £ 936.00 |
Tot. Gain: | £1432.00 |
Tot. Fees: | £ 228.69 |
Tot. Value: | £ 432.00 |
Initially, only the first two lines are visible on the screen. Use the cursor keys to scroll down to view the other lines. Any lines longer than 16 characters will scroll to the left allowing them to be seen in full.
Press ON/CLEAR to return to the ACCOUNTS menu and again to return to the SHARES menu.
When one of the shares in your portfolio has generated a dividend, select DIVIDEND from the ACCOUNTS menu. The screen will prompt for the amount of the dividend, in pounds, with the message:
Enter dividend £0.00
You may now enter the amount of the dividend, for example. 100.50. The sum will be added to the dividend figure, which will be reflected in the portfolio SUMMARY (see above). You will then be returned to the ACCOUNTS menu. Press ON/CLEAR to return to the SHARES menu.
Should you need to adjust the cash, dividend, capital gain or fees figures in the portfolio, select ADJUST from the ACCOUNTS menu. First the total cash figre is displayed on the top line of the screen, with the prompt 'Adjust Y/N ?', on the bottom line. Press Y to enter a new total cash figure.
Next the dividend, capital gain and fees figures are displayed in turn, with the same Y/N prompt. Again, in each case press Y to alter the displayed figure.
Alter adjusting the figures you are returned to the ACCOUNTS menu. Press ON/CLEAR to return to the SHARES menu.
To enable you to deduct from the value of your portfolio the fees charged by your broker, the FEES option is included in the ACCOUNTS menu.
When you select FEES, the screen shows:
Enter fee £0.00
Type the fee charged. This will then be added to the record of fees charged. The total fees may be viewed using the Summary option in the ACCOUNTS menu (see above).
The VIEW option in the SHARES menu allows you to view the contents of the Shares file as a number of records - just like the records created with the Organiser's SAVE facility.
There is a separate record for each share issue in the portfolio, each with 12 lines, for example:
Name: | TELECOM |
Qty: | 200 |
Sector: | ELECTRICALS |
Price: | 289.00p |
Value: | £578.00 |
Bought: | 261.00p |
Cost: | £522.00 |
Gain: | £56.00 |
Gain%: | 10.73% |
Dale: | 1/9/87 |
Warn%: | off |
H/Sell: | 302.00p |
L/Sell: | off |
Notes: | Bought via bank |
Initially, just the first two lines of the record are displayed on the screen. Use the ↑ and ↓ keys to step up or down through the other lines of the record. Lines longer than 16 characters will scroll from right to left. To see the next record in the file, just press EXE.
As you can see, after the name, quantity and market sector is the current price of the shares, their value, the price you paid for them. and how much you have made on your investment. After the date of last purchase come the three fiags: warning%, high sell and low sell. These provide the boundaries within which you are happy to retain the shares. The warning% is an indicator of the changing price of the share. If the price changes by the spccified percentage then a warning is given the next time you use the CHECK option.
Last of all comes the Notes line. In extreme cases, the label 'Notes:' may not be displayed.
There is a variation on the normal share entry, referred to as a ghost share. This is a share in which you have not invested. When a ghost share is displayed, there is an asterisk in the title. For example,
Name *: British Gas
When the record for any of the shares is displayed as described above, press the MODE key to view the VIEW menu.
The items in this menu allow you to step forwards or backwards through the records in the file, move to the first or the last record in the file, examine the previous prices, or search for a particular share by name. The VIEW menu contains the following items:
NEXT | View the next record in the file |
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FIRST | View the previous record |
FIRST | View the First record |
LAST | View the last record |
SEARCH | Search for a particular share by name |
CONT | Continue a search for the same item |
HISTORY | View the average price of the current share, along with the maximum and minimum prices recorded, and up to the last 20 prices entered for that share. |
QUIT | Return to the SHARES menu. |
The items in the view menu can also be accessed directly from the VIEW screen. When a record is displayed, rather than press the MODE key to see the menu and then make your selection, you can just press the initial letter of the selection and its effect will be carried out immediately.
At any time when the VIEW menu is displayed, press ON/CLEAR to return to the SHARES menu.
The item CHECK in the SHARES menu allows you to check the whole Shares file for any entries where the current share price is outside the 'Sell at' boundaries specified by the High sell and Low sell limits, or if the price has changed by more than the warning% limit.
When CHECK is selected, the screen first shows the message:
Checking Please wait...
After a few moments, if the current price of any shares is outside their given boundaries, the screen will display the name of the share and the boundary it has crossed (high or low). For example:
BRITISH GAS above high sell
and/or warning% if appropriate. Press EXE. If the current share has exceeded the percentage change warning rate specified when the shares were bought, or the share is outside its given boundaries, this will also be displayed. For example:
BRITISH GAS Change 6.25%
To see any other shares which have crossed the 'sell at' boundaries, press the EXE key. After the last of these has been displayed. the screen will show the message:
File checked Press an key
You will then be returned to the SHARES menu.
If you have a Psion RS232 Cable or the Psion Comms Link package, you can connect the organiser to a printer and produce printouts of the Shares files. Run the Portfolio program on the Organiser in the usual way and select Link from the main menu. A further sub-menu is presented, containing the items Load, Send, Print and Quit.
Load | Not used in this version of Portfolio |
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Send | Not used in this version of Portfolio |
Allows you to printout the files from the Organiser to any serial printer via the Comms Link cable. | |
Quit | Return to the Shares menu. |
If part of a record is incomplete or incorrect, you can change it by using the EDIT option in the SHARES menu. When EDIT is selected, the screen prompts for the name of the share.
When that share is found, you are offered the chance to change any of the details which were entered when the shares were bought, except its name. At the end of this process you are asked to confirm that the details are correct. If you enter N, you will be given the opportunity to re-enter any incorrect details. Q will abandon the whole edit, leaving the entry unaltered. If you enter Y, the Organiser will ask:
Erase history ?
This gives you the option of erasing the past history of prices, and resetting the high & low prices to the current price.
When you select the File option from the SHARES menu, a further menu is presented. The File menu contains the options:
Backup | Backup your shares files to Datapak |
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Restore | Restore your shares files from Datapak |
Kill | Kill the shares files from the intermal memory of the Organiser. USE WITH CARE. |
Delete | Delete one share record from shares file |
Quit | Return to SHARES menu. |
This option makes a copy on a Datapak of the two shares files stored in the Organiser's internal memory. The files are called SHARES and ACCT.
When you select Backup, the screen shows:
Backup B: SHARES
Press EXE to make the backup on the specified pack. The screen alternatively will show 'Backup C:SHARES', if the program pack is in slot B.
First the program checks that there is enough room on the pack for the files, then they are copied to the Datapak. If there is already a file on the pack with either of the above names, this will be deleted in favour of the new file.
When the two files are safely copied onto the Datapak you are returned to the SHARES menu.
To restore previously backed-up SHARES files from a Datapak into the Organiser's internal memory, select Restore from the File menu.
The screen will show:
Restore B: SHARES
The program first checks that the files will fit into the Organisers internal memory. The files are then loaded into the Organiser where they can be used by the Portfolio Pack.
Note that when the Restore option is used, any existing shares files in the Organiser will be overwritten by the restored files.
This option kills the shares files from the Organiser's internal memory. When Kill is selected. a warning is given and you are offered the chance to continue the operation or return to the File menu with the files intact. The principal use of this is to make the main memory available for other activities AFTER a backup has been made.
To delete any 'ghost' share from the shares files select the Delete option from the File menu. Other shares must be sold.
First the screen prompts for the name of the share in the same way as when you buy or sell shares. When the share to be deleted has been found, you are prompted to confirm that this is the share to be deleted.
Note that when a share has been deleted from the files, it cannot be restored unless you have previously backed up the whole file to a Datapak. Use this option with care.
When you have finished using the Portfolio Pack, press the ON/CLEAR key until you are returned to the SHARES menu, then either select QUIT (the last item in the SHARES menu) or simply press the ON/CLEAR key.
You will be returned immediately to the Organiser's top level menu.
Allied Lyons
Asda-MFI Group
British Petroleum Group
British Telecom
BICC
BTR
Beecham Group
Blue Circle Industries
BOC Group
Boots
Cadbury Schweppes
Courtaulds
GEC
GKN
Glaxo Holdings
Grand Metropolitan
Guinness
Hanson Trust
Hawker Siddeley
ICI
Lucas Industries
Marks & Spencer
Peninsular & Orient (P&O)
Plessey
Tate & Lyle
Thorn EMI
Trusthouse Forte
Vickers
National Westminster Bank
Royal Insurance
The Financial Times lists share prices as a number of pence for less expensive shares and as a number of pounds plus a fraction for the more expensive shares. Accordingly, the Portfolio Pack deals with the less expensive shares to a higher degree of accuracy than the more expensive ones.
Up to £10.00 the share prices are stored and calculated to a resolution of 0.25 of one penny. Above £10.00 shares are stored and calculated to the nearest 5 pence.
The fractions of a pound quoted in the Financial Times are in 1/16 units, so 1/16, 1/8, 3/16. 1/4 and so on. As you must enter the prices into the Organiser as a number of pounds and/or pence, the following conversion chart is given:
Fraction | Pence |
1/16 | 6.25 |
1/8 | 12.50 |
3/16 | 18.75 |
1/4 | 25.00 |
5/16 | 31.25 |
3/8 | 37.50 |
7/l6 | 43.75 |
1/2 | 50.00 |
9/16 | 56.25 |
5/8 | 62.50 |
11/16 | 68.75 |
3/4 | 75.00 |
13/16 | 81.25 |
7/8 | 87.50 |
15/l6 | 93.75 |
If you have any comments regarding the Portfolio Pack or this manual, please write to the address below. We cannot guarantee to reply to all letters received, but we would be grateful for your comments and suggestions on this product.
PSION TECHNICAL SUPPORT
PSION PLC
PSION HOUSE
17 HARCOURT STREET
LONDON
W1H 1DT